{"id":9194,"date":"2025-01-03T10:09:09","date_gmt":"2025-01-03T02:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/archives\/9194"},"modified":"2025-01-03T10:09:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-03T02:09:09","slug":"three-major-identification-methods-of-textile-fabrics-you-will-be-a-master-if-you-learn-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/?p=9194","title":{"rendered":"Three major identification methods of textile fabrics, you will be a master if you learn them!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Textile fabric identification can mainly start from three directions, textile fabric composition, textile fabric front and back and warp and weft By identifying the appearance and quality of textile fabrics in these three directions, we can help fabric buyers find good fabrics with high quality and low price. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\nIdentification of textile fabric components<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

01<\/span>Sense Identification method<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Main method<\/span><\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n

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Looking: using the visual effects of the eyes<\/span>Apply, observe the fabric\u2019s glossiness, dyeing condition, surface roughness, and appearance characteristics of tissue, texture and fiber;<\/span>Hand touch: Use the tactile effect of your hands to feel the softness, smoothness, roughness, details, elasticity, warmth and coldness of the fabric. You can also feel the strength and elasticity of the fibers and yarns in the fabric with your hands;<\/span>Hearing, nose and smell: Hearing and smell are helpful in judging the raw materials of certain fabrics. For example, silk has a unique silky sound; the tearing of various fiber fabrics The sound is different; the smell of acrylic and wool fiber fabrics is different. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Four steps<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\nThe first step is to initially distinguish the major categories of fibers or fabrics;<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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The second step is to further determine the type of raw material based on the sensory characteristics of the fibers in the fabric;

\nThe third step is to make a final judgment based on the sensory characteristics of the fabric;

\nThe fourth step is to verify the judgment results. If you are not sure about your judgment, you can use other methods to verify it. If the judgment is wrong, sensory identification can be carried out again or combined with other methods for identification. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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02 Combustion Identification Method<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Combustion characteristics of common textile fibers:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nCotton fiber<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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, burns when exposed to fire, burns quickly, produces a yellow flame, and has a smell; there is a slight gray-white smoke, and it can continue to burn after leaving the fire. After the flame is blown out, there are still sparks that continue to burn, but the duration is not long. Long; it can maintain its original velvet shape after burning, and easily breaks into loose ash when touched. The ash is gray and soft powder, and the burnt part of the fiber is black;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nhemp fiber<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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It burns very quickly, softens, does not melt, does not shrink, and produces yellow or blue flames,There is the smell of burning grass; it continues to burn quickly after leaving the flame; there is little ash, in the shape of light gray or white grass ash;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nWool<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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It does not burn immediately when it comes into contact with the flame. It curls first, then smokes, and then the fiber bubbles and burns; the flame is orange and yellow, and the burning speed is slower than that of cotton fiber. It stops burning immediately after leaving the flame, and is not easy to continue burning. The odor of burning hair and feathers; the ash cannot keep the original fiber shape, but is in the form of amorphous or spherical shiny dark brown brittle pieces, which can be crushed when pressed with your fingers. The amount of ash is large and has the smell of burning;<\/span> <\/p>\n

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\nSilk<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Burns relatively slowly, melts and curls, shrinks into a ball when burning, and has the smell of burning hair; when leaving the flame Slightly shiny, burns slowly, and sometimes self-extinguishes; gray is a dark brown crispy ball that breaks into pieces when pressed with your fingers;<\/span><\/p>\n

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sticky Glue fiber<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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The burning characteristics are basically similar to cotton, but viscose fiber burns slightly faster than cotton fiber, with less ash and sometimes It is not easy to keep its original shape, and viscose fiber will make a slight hissing sound when burning;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nacetate<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Burns quickly, with sparks, melting while burning, with a pungent acetic acid smell when burning; leave the flame When it melts, it burns at the same time; the ash is a black and shiny irregular block, which can be crushed with your fingers;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nCuprammonium fiber<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Burns very quickly, does not melt, does not shrink, and has the smell of burning paper; it continues to burn rapidly after leaving the flame; there are few ash and is light gray or off-white;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\nnylon<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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When it is close to the flame, it causes the fiber to shrink. After contacting the flame, the fiber shrinks rapidly and melts into a transparent gel. object, with small bubbles;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nAcrylic<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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It melts and burns while melting, and the burning speed is fast; the flame is white, bright and powerful, sometimes with a slight black smoke; it has a fishy or spicy smell similar to burning coal tar; it continues to burn after leaving the flame, but it burns The speed is slow; the ash is a dark brown irregular brittle ball, which is easy to crush with your fingers;<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nVilon<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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, when burning, the fiber shrinks rapidly and burns slowly, the flame is small and almost smokeless; when the fiber melts in large quantities It will produce a large dark yellow flame with small bubbles; it will have a special smell of calcium carbide gas when burning; it will continue to burn without the flame, and sometimes it will self-extinguish; the ashes will be dark brown irregular brittle beads that can be crushed with your fingers; <\/span><\/p>\n

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Polypropylene<\/span><\/ strong><\/p>\n

Wraps on one side, melts on the other side, burns slowly; has bright blue flame, thick black smoke, and is gelatinous dripping; has a smell similar to burning paraffin; continues to burn without the flame, sometimes self-extinguishing; the ashes are irregular hard lumps, transparent, and difficult to crush with fingers;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Chlorine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Difficult to burn; melts and burns in the flame, emitting thick black smoke; extinguishes immediately after leaving the flame and cannot continue to burn; has an unpleasant pungent chlorine smell when burning; the ashes are irregular black Brown lump, difficult to crush with fingers;<\/span><\/p>\n

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Spandex<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

When approaching the flame, it first expands into a circle, and then shrinks and melts; it melts and burns in the flame, and the burning speed is relatively slow. It is yellow or blue; it burns while melting away from the flame, and slowly self-extinguishes; it has a special pungent smell when burning; the ashes are white sticky lumps. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\n03 density gradient method<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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The identification process of the density gradient method is: first configure the density gradient liquid. The configuration method is to properly mix two light liquids and heavy liquids with different densities that can be mixed with each other. Generally, xylene is used as the light liquid. Carbon tetrachloride is a heavy liquid, using diffusion, At the interface between the two liquids, light liquid molecules and heavy liquid molecules diffuse each other, causing the mixed liquid to form a density gradient liquid with a continuously changing density from top to bottom in the density gradient tube. Use standard density beads to calibrate the density at each height. value. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Then the textile fiber to be tested is subjected to pre-processing such as degreasing and drying, and is made into small balls. Put them into the density gradient tube in turn, measure the density value of the fiber, and compare it with the standard density of the fiber to identify the type of fiber. Because density gradient fluids change with temperature, it is important to keep the temperature of the density gradient fluid constant during testing. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\n04 Microscope Observation<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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By observing the longitudinal shape of textile fibers under a microscope, the major categories to which they belong can be distinguished; by observing the cross-sectional shape of textile fibers, the specific name of the fiber can be determined . <\/span><\/p>\n

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\n05 Dissolution Method<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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For pure textile fabrics, when identifying, a certain concentration of chemical reagents should be added to the test tube containing the textile fibers to be identified, and then observe and carefully distinguish the dissolution of the textile fibers (dissolved, partially dissolved, slightly dissolved , does not dissolve), and carefully record the temperature at which it dissolves (dissolution at room temperature, dissolution by heating, dissolution by boiling);<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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For blended fabrics, when identifying, you need to first split the fabric into textile fibers, then place the textile fibers on a concave glass slide, unfold the fibers, drip in chemical reagents, and Observe under a microscope to observe the dissolution of component fibers and determine the type of fiber;<\/span><\/p>\n

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Since the concentration and temperature of chemical solvents have a significant impact on the solubility properties of textile fibers, when using the dissolution method to identify textile fibers, the concentration and temperature of chemical reagents should be strictly controlled.<\/span><\/ p><\/p>\n

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\n06 reagent coloring method<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Reagent coloring method is to quickly identify textile fiber varieties based on the different coloring properties of various textile fibers to certain chemical reagents method. The reagent coloring method is only applicable to undyed or pure spun yarn and fabrics. Colored textile fibers or textile fabrics must be decolorized in an advanced manner. <\/span><\/p>\n

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2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Identification of front and back sides and warp and weft directions of textile fabrics<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\nIdentification of front and back sides of textile fabrics<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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It can be roughly divided into identification based on the organizational structure of textile fabrics (plain weave, twill, satin), identification based on the appearance effect of textile fabrics (printed fabrics, leno fabrics, towel fabrics), and identification based on the pattern of textile fabrics. Identification, based on the identification of the edge characteristics of textile fabrics, identification based on the appearance effect of textile fabrics after special finishing (fleece fabrics, double-layered multi-layer fabrics, burnout fabrics), identification based on the trademarks and seals of textile fabrics, identification based on the characteristics of textile fabrics Packaging form identification. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Identification of warp and weft directions of textile fabrics<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

It can be identified based on the edge of the textile fabric, the density of the textile fabric, the raw material identification of the yarn, and the yarn Twist direction identification, yarn structure identification, sizing condition identification, reed mark identification, fabric warp and weft yarn density, twist direction and twist identification, and fabric stretchability identification. <\/span><\/p>\n

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3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\nIdentification of appearance quality of textile fabrics<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\nTextile fabric defect identification<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Defects in textile fabrics include broken warps, heavy yarns, skipping flowers, open edges, cobwebs, holes, rovings, slub yarns, belly yarns, double wefts, tightly twisted yarns, uneven evenness, Thin lines, thin wefts, thin sections, dense lines, thick sections, edge defects, neps, stains, color strips, rungs, missing wefts, Wrong weft, loose warp, reed path, wrong reed thread, narrow width, reverse twill, pattern discrepancy, color difference, color stripes, stripes, stripes, pattern discrepancy, and thin spots Defects such as , skew, printing deviation, desizing, color flowers, and staining can be identified based on the appearance characteristics. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\nIdentification of deteriorated textile fabrics<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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The main method isLook, touch, listen, smell, lick<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Look at:<\/span><\/strong>Observe the color and appearance of the fabric to see if there are any traces of deterioration. Such as wind stains, oil stains, water spots, mildew spots, staining, discoloration or unusual characteristics that are different from normal fabrics ;<\/span><\/p>\n

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touch:<\/span><\/strong>Hold the fabric tightly with your hands and feel for signs of deterioration such as stiffness, dampness, heat, etc.;<\/span><\/p>\n

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Listen:<\/span><\/strong>The sound produced by tearing the fabric Compared with the crisp sound produced by normal fabrics, if the sound is dumb, dull, or silent, it may deteriorate;<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sniff:<\/span><\/strong>Judge whether the fabric has deteriorated by smelling it. Except for specially treated fabrics (such as coating with rainproof agent or resin treatment, etc.), anything with a strange smell, such as acid, mildew, bleaching powder If there is no smell, etc., it means that the fabric has deteriorated;<\/span><\/p>\n

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lick:<\/span><\/strong>After licking the fabric with your tongue, if there is moldy flour or a sour smell, it means that it has become moldy.<\/span><\/p>\n

If you learn these methods, you are no longer a fabric novice. Identifying fabrics can be done in minutes.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

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Textile fabric identification can mainly start from three directions, textile fabric composition, textile fabric front and back and warp and weft By identifying the appearance and …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[46],"class_list":["post-9194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-textile-fabric-news","tag-db"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9194\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}