\n 1. Experimental Principle of Determination of Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance to Water Permeability of Fabrics<br \/
\n \u200b<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u8003\u6838\u9762\u6599\u6297\u6c34\u6027\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\ufffd When using a hydrostatic pressure tester to conduct a water permeability test on waterproof fabrics, it was found that some fabrics did not actually experience the test termination phenomenon described in the standard. Therefore, this article discusses the current standards used in laboratories to measure water permeability, so as to provide guidance for fabrics. It provides reference for the production process and actual testing and judgment, and is beneficial to the improvement of current standards. \ufffd<br \/
\n \u200b<br \/
\n 2. Current situation<br \/
\n 1. Standard<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000GB\/T 4744\u20141997\u300a\u7eba\u7ec7\u7ec7\u7269 \u6297\u6e17\u6c34\u6027\u6d4b\u5b9a \u9759\u6c34\u538b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec7\u7269\u6297\u6e17\u6c34\u6027\u7684\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ec7\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5e06\u5e03\u3001\u6cb9\u5e03\u3001\u5e10\u7bf7\u5e03\u548c\u9632\u96e8\u670d\u88c5\u5e03\u7b49\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5927\u6c14\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bd5\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u627f\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u6c34\u538b,\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4e09\u5904\u6e17\u6c34\u4e3a\u6b62\u8bb0\u5f55\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ee5\u7ec7\u7269\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6c34\u900f\u8fc7\u7ec7\u7269\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u963b\u529b\uff0c\u6c34\u538b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8bd5\u6837\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u6216\u80cc\u9762\u65bd\u52a0[2]\u3002<\/p>\n
\n 2. Test instruments<br \/
\n Hydrostatic pressure tester;<br \/
\n The pressure range of the instrument: 0~999mbar;<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u6c34\u538b\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff1a\uff0810\u00b10.5\uff09cmH2O\/min\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca60\u00b10.5cm H2O\/min\u3002<\/p>\n
\n 3. Problems encountered<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u73b0\u884c\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002
\n \u2460\u3001Coated waterproof fabric<br \/
\n 1) Record of average value<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u6837\u54c1\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u88681\u6240\u793a\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u793a\u5176\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u6210\u4e3a\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\n <tbody
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n \t\t\t\t\t\u6837\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7\uff08\u7070\u8272\u6da4\u7eb6\u6d82\u5c42\u9632\u6c34\u673a\u7ec7\u9762\u6599\uff09<\/p>\n
<\/
\n <<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n
<\/
\n <\/t
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n
1
\n <\/
\n <<\/p>\n
58
\n <\/
\n <\/t
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n
2
\n <\/
\n 99
\n <\/
\n <\/t
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n
3
\n <\/
\n <<\/p>\n
62
\n <\/
\n <\/t
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n
4
\n <\/
\n 99
\n <\/
\n <\/t
\n <t
\n <<\/p>\n
5
\n <\/
\n <<\/p>\n
59
\n <\/
\n <\/t
\n <\/tbody
\n <\/table>\n
\n \u200b2) Testing of seams<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u9047\u5230\u9632\u96e8\u670d\u88c5\u7b49\u670d\u88c5\u4ea7\u54c1,\u8003\u6838\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u5e94\u8be5\u5168\u9762\u5230\u670d\u88c5\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u63a5\u7f1d\u90e8\u4f4d\uff08\u89c1\u56fe2\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6446\u7f1d\u3001\u814b\u4e0b\u7f1d\u3001\u80a9\u90e8\u7f1d\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u9762\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u7ed9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e26\u6765\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u628a\u5173\u4ee5\u53ca\u6574\u4ef6\u670d\u88c5\u7684\u9632\u6c34\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4f9d\u636e\u3002
\n 3) The sample has single penetration<br \/
\n Some products have small local damages due to lack of coating technology. During the test, it is often found that water droplets continue to seep out somewhere and spread to the entire edge, but the second and third spots have not yet appeared. For this How to record the test results of samples becomes a problem \ufffd<br \/
\n \u200b<br \/
\n \u2461\u3001Laminated composite waterproof fabric<br \/
\n 1) The sample has no water droplets but feels moist<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u590d\u5408\u9762\u6599\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002\u53cd\u9762\u8d77\u7ed2\u7684\u5c42\u538b\u590d\u5408\u9632\u6c34\u7ec7\u7269\u5728\u505a\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6c34\u5728\u7ec7\u7269\u548c\u590d\u5408\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u8089\u773c\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u6c34\u73e0\u6e17\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u624b\u629a\u6478\u8868\u9762\u4f1a\u6709\u6f6e\u6e7f\u611f\u3002
\n \u200b<br \/
\n \u30002) The sample burst suddenly during the test<br \/
\n For a period of time after the test starts, no water droplets seep out of the sample. However, when the water pressure rises to a certain point, the sample will suddenly burst somewhere, and the water will continue to flow, and the value displayed on the instrument will disappear instantly, especially for some plastic films. type composite layer (as shown in Figure 5) \ufffd<br \/
\n \u200b<br \/
\n 3. Analysis and Solutions<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u9274\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u5efa\u8bae\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002
\n \t\u3000\u3000\uff081\uff09\u7ec7\u7269\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6d82\u5c42\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u9762\u6599\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u503c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u7ec7\u7269\u597d\u7684\u6297\u6e17\u6c34\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6d82\u5c42\u5206\u5e03\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7262\u5ea6\u3002\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ed3\u679c\u5dee\u5f02\u5927\u7684\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u503c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ec7\u7269\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6d82\u5c42\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a,\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u51fa\u5177\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u5b9e\u6d4b\u503c,\u4e0d\u51fa\u5177\u6574\u5757\u9762\u6599\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c,\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u503c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u786e\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002
\n \t\u3000\u3000\uff082\uff09\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u5bf9\u9632\u6c34\u670d\u88c5\u7684\u6297\u6e17\u6c34\u6027\u6d4b\u5b9a\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec6\u5316\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u98ce\u96e8\u8863\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u670d\u88c5\ufffd For this type of clothing, it is impossible to test only the fabric or only the seams, because it cannot represent the waterproof performance of the entire garment. However, if both seams and fabrics are tested, then choose the number of seams and fabrics to test. How to determine, how the test results will be expressed, and whether the results are averaged of all measured values \u200b\u200bor the test values \u200b\u200bof seams and fabrics are averaged separately, etc. There is no solution.\ufffd. Therefore, the laboratory can adopt the following solutions:
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u2460\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u7c7b\u670d\u88c5\u9762\u6599,\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u5ba2\u6237\u5bf9\u7ec7\u7269\u9762\u6599\u548c\u7ec7\u7269\u7684\u4e0b\u6446\ufe51\u814b\u4e0b\ufe51\u80a9\u90e8\u7b49\u6240\u6709\u7684\u63a5\u7f1d\u90e8\u4f4d\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u2461\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u534f\u5546\u5206\u522b\u7ed9\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u68c0\u6d4b\u9762\u6599\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u63a5\u7f1d\u5904\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u503c\u6216\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec8\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\n \t\u3000\u3000\uff083\uff09\u53ea\u6709\u5355\u5904\u6e17\u6c34\u7684\u9632\u6c34\u670d\u88c5\u9762\u6599\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u67d0\u5904\u6d82\u5c42\u6709\u7834\u635f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u6c34\u4e0d\u65ad\u5728\u8be5\u5904\u6e17\u51fa\uff0c\u8513\u5ef6\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5708\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5728\u51fa\u5177\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u6c34\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u9762\u6599\u7684\u6297\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u68c0\u6d4b\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u8981\u7ed9\u4e88\u5907\u6ce8\u3002
\n (4) For laminated composite waterproof fabrics, during the process of hydrostatic pressure, the water droplets that seep out are very small, while the composite fleece fabric has a certain degree of water absorption and will absorb the small water droplets that seep out, but cannot be detected by the naked eye. It has been observed that an ideal solution is to tightly attach a thin layer of tissue paper with good water absorption to the non-tested surface of the fabric, but this requires toughness of the paper. \ufffd\u5982\u56fe6\u6240\u793a\ufffd \ufffd\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u7eb8\u5f20\u7684\u5438\u6e7f\u60c5\u51b5,\u5f53\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u5904\u5438\u6e7f\u7acb\u5373\u8bb0\u5f55\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u503c\ufffd \ufffd<br \/
\n \u200b<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\uff085\uff09\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u5851\u6599\u3001\u8584\u819c\u7b49\u6750\u6599\u590d\u5408\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6c34\u538b\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5851\u6599\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u7ec7\u7269\u4e00\u6837\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u5f20\u529b\u79ef\u805a\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\u7206\u88c2\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\ufffd \ufffd\u68c0\u6d4b\u5458\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8be5\u4ea7\u54c1\u524d\u597d\u5148\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u503c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u54c1\u8fbe\u5230\u8981\u6c42\u503c\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u55b7\u51fa\u7684\u6c34\u5bf9\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\ufffd If there is no required value, the testing personnel should always pay attention to the non-tested surface of the sample during the testing process. Once a composite layer is found to bulge instantly, the hand should stay on the "Pause" button, and press it immediately at the moment the sample explodes. and record data \ufffd<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\uff086\uff09GB\/T 4744\u20141997\u300a\u7eba\u7ec7\u7ec7\u7269 \u6297\u6e17\u6c34\u6027\u6d4b\u5b9a \u9759\u6c34\u538b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u300b\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u9002\u65f6\u5bf9\u5176\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u670d\u88c5\u548c\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002
\n \u200b<br \/
\n 4. Conclusion<br \/
\n \t\u3000\u3000\u9632\u6c34\u900f\u6c14\u7ec7\u7269\u662f\u9ad8\u9644\u52a0\u503c\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u9632\u6c34\u900f\u6c14\u529f\u80fd\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6237\u5916\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u6237\u5916\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u533b\u7597\u9632\u62a4\u3001\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u3001\u519b\u7528\u3001\u8b66\u7528\u670d\u88c5\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e3a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u670d\u7528\u529f\u80fd[3]\ufffd Due to the emergence of various types of waterproof fabrics, the current GB\/T 4744-1997 "Hydrostatic Pressure Test for Determination of Water Permeability Resistance of Textile Fabrics" can no longer satisfy the testing of all fabrics. This article aims to pass through the problems and solutions found in actual tests. Improve current testing standards <\/p>\n
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