{"id":5050,"date":"2024-04-25T14:51:48","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T06:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/archives\/5050"},"modified":"2024-04-25T14:51:48","modified_gmt":"2024-04-25T06:51:48","slug":"things-you-dont-know-nine-ways-to-identify-fibers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/?p=5050","title":{"rendered":"Things you don\u2019t know: Nine ways to identify fibers"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Introduction<\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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With chemical fiber With the rapid development, fiber varieties are becoming increasingly diverse. In addition to general fibers, many new varieties such as special fibers, composite fibers, and modified fibers have appeared. In order to facilitate production management and product analysis, scientific identification of textile fibers is required.
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Fiber identification includes identification of morphological characteristics and identification of physical and chemical properties.<\/p>\n

Microscopic observation is commonly used to identify morphological characteristics. <\/p>\n

There are many methods for identifying physical and chemical properties, including combustion method, dissolution method, reagent coloring method, melting point method, specific gravity method, Birefringence method, X-ray diffraction method and infrared absorption spectroscopy method, etc.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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1. Microscope observation Law<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Using a microscope to observe the longitudinal and cross-sectional morphology of fibers is the basic method for identifying various textile fibers. It is commonly used to Identify the broad categories of fibers. Natural fibers each have a special shape that can be correctly identified under a microscope. For example, cotton fiber is in the shape of a flat belt longitudinally with natural twists, and its cross-section is round in shape with a middle cavity. The wool has longitudinal curls, scales on the surface, and a round or oval cross-section. Some wool has pith in the middle. Jute has horizontal knots and vertical lines longitudinally, a polygonal cross-section, and a large central cavity. <\/p>\n

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Table 1 Morphological characteristics of various fibers<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Fiber type<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Vertical shape<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Sectional shape<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Tencel fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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smooth <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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More regular circles or ovals, With skin-core layer<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Modal fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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There are 1 to 2 grooves in the longitudinal direction<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Irregular, similar to a round waist, smoother, with a leather core<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Soy fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Irregularities on the surface Grooves and island bumps<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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flatten Dumbbell-like shape and round waist<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Bamboo fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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There are grooves on the surface<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Zigzag type, with skin and core layer<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Chitin fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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There are obvious grooves on the surface<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Zigzag edges, obvious small gaps in the core<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Viscose fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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There are grooves on the surface<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Zigzag type, with skin and core layer<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Cotton fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Has natural twist<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Round waist, with middle cavity<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Silk<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Surface smooth<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Irregular triangle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Wool fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Square on the surface<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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circle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Polyester fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Stick-shaped<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Smooth round surface<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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2. Combustion method<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

One \u200b\u200bof the common methods to identify natural fibers. Due to the different chemical compositions of fibers, the combustion characteristics are also different. It can be based on the difficulty of burning the fiber, whether it is thermoplastic, the smell produced during burning and the aftermath of burning. Characteristics of ash distinguish cellulose fibers and protein fibers. Cellulose fibers such as cotton, linen, and viscose burn quickly when in contact with flames and continue to burn after leaving the flame. There is a smell of burning paper and a small amount of soft gray ash is left after burning; wool and Protein fibers such as silk burn slowly when exposed to flames, and continue to burn slowly after leaving the flames. They smell like burned feathers and leave behind crispy black ash after burning. <\/p>\n

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Table 2 Characteristics of various fibers during and after combustion<\/p>\n

<td height="31" align="center" valign="middle" style="margin: 0p<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Fiber type<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Close to the flame<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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In flames<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Leave the flame<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Burning smell<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Residue form<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Tencel fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Does not melt or shrink<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Burn quickly<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Keep burning<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Burned paper smell<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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grey black gray<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Modal fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Does not melt or shrink<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Burn quickly<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Keep burning<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Burn paper smell<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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grey black gray<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Soy protein fiber<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Shrink<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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It does not melt when burning, but has black smoke<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Introduction With chemical fiber With the rapid development, fiber varieties are becoming increasingly diverse. In addition to general fibers, many new varieties such as special fi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[46],"class_list":["post-5050","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-textile-fabric-news","tag-db"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5050"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5050\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.textile-fabric.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}