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\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6a21\u5757<\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u91c7\u96c6\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ecPM2.5\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff08\u5982PMS5003\u3001HPMA115S0\uff09\u3001\u6e29\u6e7f\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff08\u5982DHT22\u3001SHT31\uff09\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff08\u5982MH-Z19B\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff08VOC\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u5982CCS811\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6570\u636e\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5757<\/strong> \u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u81f3\u4e91\u7aef\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ecWi-Fi\uff08\u5982ESP8266\u3001ESP32\uff09\u3001\u84dd\u7259\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\uff08BLE\uff09\u3001LoRa\u548c4G\/5G\u6a21\u5757\u3002Wi-Fi\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u9ad8\u901f\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u800cLoRa\u5219\u9002\u5408\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u7684\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u5e94\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757<\/strong> \u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f9b\u7535\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u9502\u7535\u6c60\u3001USB\u7535\u6e90\u9002\u914d\u5668\u6216\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u4f9b\u7535\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u8ba1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u4f11\u7720\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u80fd\u91cf\u56de\u6536\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5ef6\u957f\u7eed\u822a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u5404\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u6570\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6a21\u5757\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n\u63a8\u8350\u578b\u53f7<\/th>\n\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n\u529f\u8017\uff08\u5178\u578b\u503c\uff09<\/th>\n\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/td>\nESP32-WROOM-32<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5916\u8bbe\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n50 mA\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\uff09<\/td>\nWi-Fi, Bluetooth<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PM2.5\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/td>\nPMS5003<\/td>\n\u76d1\u6d4bPM2.5\u3001PM10\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6<\/td>\n70 mA<\/td>\nUART<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6e29\u6e7f\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/td>\nSHT31<\/td>\n\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u6e7f\u5ea6<\/td>\n1.5 \u03bcA<\/td>\nI\u00b2C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CO\u2082\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/td>\nMH-Z19B<\/td>\n\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6d53\u5ea6<\/td>\n20 mA<\/td>\nUART<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
VOC\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/td>\nCCS811<\/td>\n\u68c0\u6d4b\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269<\/td>\n20 mA<\/td>\nI\u00b2C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5757<\/td>\nSIM7600\uff084G\uff09<\/td>\n\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<\/td>\n400 mA<\/td>\n4G LTE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\nBQ25887<\/td>\n\u9502\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u7535\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n–<\/td>\nUSB-PD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u8fdc\u7a0b\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u8fdc\u7a0b\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u4e91\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u56db\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5747\u627f\u62c5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u5404\u7c7b\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPM2.5\u6d53\u5ea6\u3001\u6e29\u6e7f\u5ea6\u3001CO\u2082\u542b\u91cf\u53caVOC\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528C\/C++\u6216Python\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u83b7\u53d6\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528ESP-IDF\u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684ESP32\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u611f\u5668API\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u81f3\u4e91\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u62ecMQTT\uff08Message Queuing Telemetry Transport\uff09\u3001HTTP\u548cCoAP\uff08Constrained Application Protocol\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dMQTT\u56e0\u5176\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528LoRaWAN\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4e91\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u6765\u81ea\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90e8\u7f72\u5728Amazon Web Services (AWS) IoT Core\u3001Microsoft Azure IoT Hub\u6216\u963f\u91cc\u4e91IoT\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u3002\u4e91\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91c7\u7528MySQL\u3001MongoDB\u6216InfluxDB\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e91\u7aef\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u6ee4\u82af\u5bff\u547d\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u529f\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548cWeb\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528React Native\u3001Flutter\u6216Android\/iOS\u539f\u751f\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u6784\u5efa\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u7f51\u9875\u5219\u91c7\u7528HTML5\u3001CSS3\u548cJavaScript\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982Vue.js\u6216React.js\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8eNode.js\u3001Django\u6216Spring Boot\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6574\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u73b0\u72b6<\/h3>\n

\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5df2\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u56fd\u5916\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u53ca\u4f01\u4e1a\u8f83\u65e9\u6d89\u8db3\u667a\u80fd\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cHoneywell \u548c IQAir \u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u5668\u5747\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8fdc\u7a0b\u76d1\u63a7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u67e5\u770b\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u6ee4\u82af\u66f4\u6362\u63d0\u9192\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u8017\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7IoT\u5e73\u53f0\u5b9e\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\u8c03\u5ea6\uff08Li et al., 2020\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u56e2\u961f\u4e5f\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u4e8eLoRa\u548cNB-IoT\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u9662\u548c\u529e\u516c\u697c\uff08Zhang et al., 2021\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c0f\u7c73\u3001\u7f8e\u7684\u7b49\u516c\u53f8\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u5668\u5df2\u96c6\u6210Wi-Fi\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56fd\u5185\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u65b9\u9762\u4ecd\u9700\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5728\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7a7a\u6c14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u4e0a\u5404\u6709\u4fa7\u91cd\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u5185\u5219\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u63a8\u5e7f\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u8f83\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52a8\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Li, Y., Wang, X., & Zhang, H. (2020). Smart air purification system using machine learning and IoT technologies<\/em>. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 146(8), 04020078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001736<\/a> <\/li>\n
  2. Zhang, R., Liu, J., & Chen, W. (2021). Development of an NB-IoT-based indoor air quality monitoring system<\/em>. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 8(4), 2543\u20132552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3017890<\/a> <\/li>\n
  3. Honeywell. (n.d.). Smart Air Purifiers. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.honeywell.com\/us\/en\/products\/air-purifiers<\/a> <\/li>\n
  4. IQAir. (n.d.). AirVisual Pro: Indoor Air Quality Monitor. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.iqair.com\/us\/air-quality-monitors\/airvisual-pro<\/a> <\/li>\n
  5. \u5c0f\u7c73\u5b98\u7f51. (2023). \u7c73\u5bb6\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u5668\u7cfb\u5217. https:\/\/www.mi.com\/airpurifier<\/a> <\/li>\n
  6. \u7f8e\u7684\u96c6\u56e2. (2023). \u667a\u80fd\u7a7a\u6c14\u51c0\u5316\u5668\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ecb\u7ecd. http:\/\/www.midea.com\/cn\/product\/air-purifier.html<\/a> <\/li>\n
  7. MIT News. (2020). Machine learning optimizes energy use in smart buildings. https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2020\/machine-learning-energy-efficiency-buildings-0915<\/a> <\/li>\n
  8. \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u5b66\u9662. (2021). \u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55. http:\/\/www.sese.tsinghua.edu.cn\/publish\/seseen\/2021\/20210425\/index.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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