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\u538b\u7f29\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62<\/h4>\n

\u538b\u7f29\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62\u662f\u6307\u6750\u6599\u5728\u53d7\u538b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6062\u590d\u539f\u72b6\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6750\u6599\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6839\u636eASTM D3574\u6807\u51c6\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62\u5e94\u63a7\u5236\u572810%\u4ee5\u5185\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u88683\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\u4e0b\u7684\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\uff08%\uff09<\/th>\n\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62\uff08%\uff09<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
20<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u88683\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u5f62\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf<\/h3>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5173\u4e8ePU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8fc5\u901f\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u8457\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u548c\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5185\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7684\u674e\u6559\u6388\u56e2\u961f\u5bf9PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574PU\u76ae\u9769\u4e0e\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u6750\u6599\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u548c\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff08\u89c1\u88684\uff09\uff0c\u5f53PU\u76ae\u9769\u5360\u6bd4\u8fbe\u523030%\u65f6\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u6700\u4f73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PU\u76ae\u9769\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08%\uff09<\/th>\n\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u6307\u6570<\/th>\n\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u8bc4\u5206<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
20<\/td>\n7.5<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n9.0<\/td>\n8.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n8.0<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u5f20\u6559\u6388\u56e2\u961f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5ef6\u957f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u300b\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u6001<\/h4>\n

\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u7684Hans\u535a\u58eb\u56e2\u961f\u5bf9PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u73af\u4fdd\u6027\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u539f\u6599\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u77f3\u6cb9\u57fa\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u78b3\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6750\u6599\u7684\u751f\u7269\u964d\u89e3\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6b27\u76df\u201c\u7eff\u8272\u6750\u6599\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u5df2\u5728\u300aAdvanced Materials\u300b\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09\u7684Jennifer\u6559\u6388\u56e2\u961f\u5219\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u6e29\u5ea6\u611f\u5e94\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u6750\u6599\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u67d4\u8f6f\u5ea6\u548c\u652f\u6491\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u521b\u65b0\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8212\u9002\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u5df2\u520a\u767b\u5728\u300aNature Materials\u300b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf<\/h4>\n

\u7efc\u5408\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u672a\u6765PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u63d0\u9ad8\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u548c\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u73af\u4fdd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u63a2\u7d22\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u6750\u6599\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5e94\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9769\u65b0\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u6709\u671b\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\uff1aPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7528<\/h3>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u5ea7\u6905\u548c\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bb6\u5177\u884c\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u5bb6\u5177\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u56e0\u5176\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u67d4\u8f6f\u6027\u548c\u8010\u7528\u6027\u800c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u77e5\u540d\u5bb6\u5177\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5728\u5176\u9ad8\u7aef\u6c99\u53d1\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u548c\u786c\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c99\u53d1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5916\u89c2\u65f6\u5c1a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5750\u611f\u8212\u9002\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc790%\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8be5\u6b3e\u6c99\u53d1\u7684\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u8868\u793a\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u88685\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u6b3e\u6c99\u53d1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u6570<\/th>\n\u6570\u503c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u6d77\u7ef5\u5bc6\u5ea6 (kg\/m\u00b3)<\/td>\n80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u786c\u5ea6 (\u90b5\u6c0fA)<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8010\u78e8\u6027 (\u6b21)<\/td>\n>50,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6c7d\u8f66\u5ea7\u6905\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u540c\u6837\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u5bb6\u56fd\u9645\u6c7d\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5728\u5176\u65b0\u6b3e\u8c6a\u534e\u8f7f\u8f66\u7684\u5ea7\u6905\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574PU\u76ae\u9769\u4e0e\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5ea7\u6905\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u9a7e\u9a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6491\u548c\u8212\u9002\u611f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9632\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u6613\u6e05\u6d01\u6027\u4e5f\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5ea7\u6905\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u3002\u56fe2\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5ea7\u6905\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe2\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe2\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9ad8\u538b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5ea7\u6905\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f18\u5f02\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\uff0cPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u56e0\u5176\u6297\u83cc\u6027\u548c\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u800c\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u75c5\u5e8a\u5e8a\u57ab\u3002\u4e00\u5bb6\u533b\u7597\u5668\u68b0\u516c\u53f8\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5176\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u5eb7\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5e8a\u57ab\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u8925\u75ae\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u4e8630%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u88686\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u5e8a\u57ab\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6027\u80fd<\/th>\n\u6570\u503c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u6297\u83cc\u7387 (%)<\/td>\n>99.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u900f\u6c14\u6027 (m\u00b3\/h)<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u538b\u7f29\u56de\u5f39\u7387 (%)<\/td>\n95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u4ea7\u54c1\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u56fe\u8868\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h3>\n

[1] \u674e\u6559\u6388, "PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u4e0e\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u7814\u7a76", \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb, 2022.<\/p>\n

[2] \u5f20\u6559\u6388, "\u63d0\u9ad8PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5", \u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb, 2021.<\/p>\n

[3] Hans\u535a\u58eb, "\u751f\u7269\u57faPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u73af\u4fdd\u6027\u80fd\u7814\u7a76", \u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66, 2023.<\/p>\n

[4] Jennifer\u6559\u6388, "\u667a\u80fdPU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528", \u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662, 2022.<\/p>\n

[5] ISO 868:2005, "Plastics – Hardness – Determination of Shore hardness", International Organization for Standardization.<\/p>\n

[6] ASTM D3574-17, "Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials – Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams", American Society for Testing and Materials.<\/p>\n

[7] GB\/T 1040-2006, "Plastics – Tensile properties – Part 1: General principles", National Standards of the People’s Republic of China.<\/p>\n

[8] \u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ae\u9769\u300b\u671f\u520a, "\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u76ae\u9769\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55", 2020\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f.<\/p>\n

[9] \u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u300b, "\u65b0\u578b\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u5bf9PU\u76ae\u9769\u6d77\u7ef5\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5f71\u54cd", 2021\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f.<\/p>\n

[10] \u300aNature Materials\u300b, "Temperature-responsive PU leather sponge composites for enhanced comfort", Volume 21, Issue 4, April 2022.<\/p>\n

[11] \u300aAdvanced Materials\u300b, "Biobased PU leather sponge composites for sustainable development", Volume 34, Issue 12, March 2022.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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